Antibiotic Treatment

Antibiotics are among the most commonly used drugs in modern medicine, but their effectiveness is persistently decreasing due to the spread of resistant bacterial strains. The development of antibiotic resistance is strongly influenced by the scope and patterns of antibiotic use. Evidence suggests that rational and restrained antibiotic prescribing can mitigate the development of resistance. Therefore, it is essential to conduct ongoing surveillance of antibiotic usage patterns, as well as of the emergence and dissemination of resistant strains..

Note: The Defined Daily Dose (DDD) represents the estimated average maintenance dose per day for a drug used in its primary indication in adults. This standardized unit was established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is employed to estimate the total consumption of medications classified within the ATC system (1). The OECD has adopted this definition to facilitate international comparisons. It is important to note that in accordance with the OECD methodology, antibiotic consumption is quantified based on prescribed formulations. However, within the framework of this program, the calculation was performed based on actual dispensed medications(2).